Dedkov, and ZIL led by Rodionov and Orlov. Two design bureaus were given the requirements, GAZ led by V. īetween 19, a decision was made to convert all rifle and mechanized divisions into motor rifle divisions and a requirement for a new transport vehicle was drawn up.ĭevelopment proceeded along two paths: a more expensive vehicle that would eventually become the BMP-1, for use in tank divisions, and a cheaper vehicle for use in motor rifle divisions, that would eventually become the BTR-60. These were among the reasons why the new APC was developed. The low combat values of the BTR-152 and BTR-40 were exposed when the Egyptian Army used them during the Suez Crisis and also when the Soviet Army used them in the fighting on the streets of Budapest during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956.
However, even as they were designed, they were not suited for the needs of the Soviet Army as they lacked a roof (which was added in later versions designated BTR-152K and BTR-40B respectively). The BTR-152 and BTR-40, the first two Soviet mass-produced APCs developed after the Second World War, gave the Soviet Army useful experience with wheeled armoured personnel carriers. BTR stands for bronetransportyor ( Russian: бронетранспортёр, БТР, lit.'armoured carrier'). It was developed in the late 1950s as a replacement for the BTR-152 and was seen in public for the first time in 1961. The BTR-60 is the first vehicle in a series of Soviet eight-wheeled armoured personnel carriers (APCs).
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